The Fall of the Roman Empire by Arther Ferrill essays

The Fall of the Roman Empire by Arther Ferrill essays The Fall of the Roman Empire by Arther Ferrill (1986) provides well written and interesting reading for the non-historian. While Ferrill breaks down many areas of the Roman Empire and it's decline, there are other areas where the author's description of some important details remains sketchy and leaves the reader wanting more information. Ferrill breezes over some very important explanations concerning why the Eastern Empire survived despite the Eastern army suffering the two major defeats of Adrianople and Julian's failed Persian campaign. Ferrill also does not support the argument that the Fall of Rome was the result of a successful conquest of barbarism and religion. He instead maintains that uncomplicated military failures contributed to Rome's decline. The case he presents supports that these were created by political blunders and that enough of the blunders created the misfortune that resulted in the decline of the Roman public spirit. Ferrill's descriptions of the Roman way of life lead the reader to view the people as very cultured, sophisticated and comfortable. Their cleanliness for the time was exceptional and their water system was unique to that historical time. This style of life may have contributed to their idealistic views that all people wanted to work toward a more civilized and productive lifestyle. However, this was simply not true. Descriptions in Ferrill's book somewhat discredit the new breed of a classicist who encourages a Marxist version of Roman history which view that barbarians are just oppressed minorities engaging in justifiable wars of "national liberation." He also argues that men and battles do not much matter and that all history is some sort of inevitable process governed by the class struggle. Ferrill correctly points out that men and battles matter very important within this course of history. The barbarians were strictly barbaric and not worthy of much explanation or compassion for their h...

The Most Beautiful University Libraries In The USA

The Most Beautiful University Libraries In The USA If you are looking for a fantastic library to study in, youre in the right place. There is no need to look further because we explored and evaluated hundreds of libraries around the US and after a careful study have come up with our list of top 7 Amazing College Libraries. These libraries offer great on-campus experiences, house remarkable and unique book collections, as well as please the eye with monumental architecture. 1. Cook Legal Research Library (University of Michigan) The Cook Legal Research Library is impressive and grandiose, having spires, stained glass windows, and metal works. Being the best of his time, Samuel Yellin did the metalwork. This magnificent library was originally built in 1931 to hold around 350,000 books and then in the 1950s there were 4 floors. You can also find the Reading Room and Study Group Rooms here, which can place hundreds of students. This awesome library not only has the worlds best collections of research materials but also houses the Cooks Library from his Manhattan townhouse. 2. William Oxley Thompson Memorial Library (The Ohio State University) This library is the central one at the Ohio State University, built in 1912. A significant long-term renovation started in July 2006 and the library reopened in August 2009. The buildings architectural style is Neo-Classical. This impressive building provides a variety of study and research places, a large collection of various book editions. The friendly and professional staff is always ready to help you. In William Oxley Thompson Memorial Library you can find books on social sciences and humanities including university archives, special collections, rare books, manuscripts, journals, general interest periodicals. Besides, there are sections related to literature, linguistics, regional foreign language, theater, philosophy, religion, history, anthropology, sociology, and political science. 3. Linderman Library (Lehigh University) The Victorian rotunda of 1878 and the grand reading room of 1929 were held in all their beauty. Linderman Library offers 4 seminar rooms, 5 group studies, computer classrooms, a quiet study space, a cafà ©, and wireless network throughout. The Library possesses volumes and journals in the humanities and Lehighs remarkable collection (over 40,000 books) of rare and limited editions. It has Darwins Origin of Species and 4 volume edition of Birds of America by James John Audubon. This awesome library can boast of a collection of over 15,000 photo images. 4. Nicholas Murray Butler Library (Columbia University) The construction of the building was finished in 1934 but the library opened its doors in 1935. Architect James Gamble Rogers built this library in Neoclassic style. Previously the library was called the South Hall and then renamed into Nicholas Murray Butler Library in order to commemorate the memory of the prior president of the institution in 1946. The main peculiarity of the library is an arcade of columns where names of great philosophers, writers, and thinkers are inscribed. 5. Doheny Library (University of Southern California) Doheny Library is a historic building opened in 1932. This first freestanding library was built in honor of Edward L. Doheny Jr. – the University of Southern California Trustee and Alumnus. Its still one of the university’s most famous and oldest academic buildings on campus. It incorporates numerous collections, including the Asian Library (there are materials in Japanese, Chinese, and Korean languages), Music Library, and Cinematic Arts Library. 6. William R. Perkins Library (Duke University) Opened in 1839, William R. Perkins Library is one of the 9 buildings that belong to the Library System of Duke University. This library can boast of a vast amount of Confederate Imprints (more than 200,000 photos) that include information on urban communities, rural conditions of the Civil War. The library contains documents and books from other libraries like the David M. Rubenstein Rare Book Manuscript Library. This collection of documents is often proclaimed as the most unique part of the on-campus list. 7. Thompson Memorial Library (Vassar College) This Library was opened in 1865 and represents the main building of 7 libraries on the premises of the Vassar College. The architecture of this marvelous library catches the eye of observers. Not every library can boast of the Perpendicular Gothic style, which is very special for on-campus libraries. It has a valuable collection of historical videos, newspapers and periodicals. The Rare Books Collection shows the influence on the womens history. The oldest historic books can be also found here.

Summarize an article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Summarize an - Article Example (Garfinkel) Moreover, developers have no idea about the cybersecurity; therefore they can leave holes in the application to exploit them with the malicious application. We should underline also the fact that even companies themselves use hackers for â€Å"strengthening† their defenses and in the result they teach hackers to override the sophisticated securities. Hacking became more popular within the last decade when the internet became wide-spread when all computers have united in the huge net, where hackers can easily reach victim with the money or with the needed information. Particularly, banks’ structures are open for the hackers’ connection within the idea that users can use internet to fulfill their bank needs. And hackers can do so too, however without the permission of the banks’ staff. It means that in the most cases it is people who create, produce or develop the security means and application are cause to the increasing troubles with the securi ty. Even people who defend computers themselves can help hackers to reach the target; we all know the Iran’s case when the hackers have reached the isolated from the internet

Coyote and Geronimo Accounts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Coyote and Geronimo Accounts - Essay Example Coyote caused the buffalo to result in a stampede and escaped via rear fence to his people’s advantage (Welker). Conversely, Geronimo was a peaceful Indian prior Mexican soldier invaded their camp while they had traveled to trade in the Old Mexico. They terminated their people were among them was his family and a mother beside looting. This brewed hatred that prompted him to take revenge against his adversaries, for almost a decade. Protagonists Coyote and Geronimo despite emanating from different accounts bear comparable traits that are evident in their unfolding events. Coyote and Geronimo depict determination that is evident in their actions. Coyote after summoning the people and brainstorming how they will attain the buffalo, he volunteers to undertake the mission but fails on the initial occasion. This did not demoralize him where he tried the second instance as a dog and succeeded in  accessing the homestead to chase the buffalo out. Similarly, Geronimo’s determination is evident when after finding that Mexican soldiers have terminated his family, he joined Apache and led his followers to avenge themselves on Mexicans (Native American Legends). Coyote and Geronimo, their heroic actions illustrate strong leadership skills. Coyote summoned his followers after fours days to brainstorm how to get the buffalo from Humpback. The followers lacked any idea, but he devised excellent tactics as a leader, which he contemplated would be successful and even choosing to undertake it. Likewise, Geronimo due to the hatred that resulted from having his family and people terminated, choose to spur hundreds of Apaches for revenge (Cantley 54). Coyote in his actions depicted trickery, contrary to his counterpart Geronimo in his mission.  

Key Sectors of Economic Growth in Kenya Essay Example for Free

Key Sectors of Economic Growth in Kenya Essay Economic growth is the increase in the amount of the goods and services produced by an economy over time. It is conventionally measured as the percent rate of increase in real gross domestic product i.e. real GDP. In Kenya the key main sectors to achieve economic growth are agriculture which is the mainstay economic growth drivers, energy sector, manufacturing and industry, service sector which is mainly tourism, financial services and banking and also the private sector. All of these sectors are in line with the Kenya Vision 2030, the economic pillar. The key sectors are as discussed below: 1. AGRICULTURE: Agriculture has been the key factor of economic growth of Kenyan economy. It continues to be the key factor that will drive the economic growth of Kenya as it contributes to about 24% of Growth Domestic Product. And for this reason the government should increase budgetary allocation to the agricultural sector up from the Kshs 53.5 billion allocated in National Budget 2012/201 so as to be in line with the Maputo Declaration which requires the budget allocation to agriculture to be atleast 10% of total Government budgets and The government should also subsidize the farm inputs such as fertilizers for the farmers, this will maximize production. Livestock farming also has to be considered. If the government increases funding to the agricultural sector, such occurrences as food shortages, seasonal inflation and unemployment would be curbed if not avoided. Agricultural sector which includes; †¢Livestock sector and dairy farming: The livestock sector provides employment opportunities while also increases income. Kenya exports from hides and skins for leather industry earned Kshs 4 billion. Also reforms need to be made on the Kenya Meat Commission. †¢Fisheries: Kenya earns around Kshs 4 billion from this sector. The sector also employs about 60000 people and also over half a million people depend on this sector for livelihood through trading and fish processing thus thee number of fish processing plants should be increased. 2. TOURISM SECTOR: The service sector of Kenya contributes 63% of Growth Domestic Product and it’s mainly tourism industry which is the country’s principal source of foreign exchange thus the government. The tourism industry along with the government has to take steps to address the security problem and to reverse negative publicity especially after the post-Election Violence of 2007 following disputed General Elections. Such steps among others should include establishing a tourist police and launching marketing campaigns in key tourist origin markets. Former minister of Tourism Najib Balala ran such campaigns in CNN. 3. ENERGY SECTOR: The energy sector an important sector to drive the smooth growth of the economy hence there is need for the Government to put up measures that would help the sector to grow thereby, contributing to the growth of the economy as the sector is depended on by manufacturing and industrial sector and also the agricultural sector. There exists limited power generation and transmission capacity in the country. This is caused by lack of adequate investment in power systems and infrastructure development. This combined with rapid economic growth, new customer connections and unreliable rainfall patterns have caused the current electricity shortage in Kenya. Though Kenya is not natural resource endowed, the natural resources the country can boast of for energy generation are small hydro, geothermal, coal, biogas, tidal waves, solar, wind and recently the oil exploration in Turkana. The government needs to invest heavily in the energy sector so that there is no over reliance on Hydro power. The government should implement a policy to attract private sector investments in the energy sector i.e. the Kenya Private Sector Power Generation Support Project. In doing so it will boost economic growth and in job creation. 4. INDUSTRY AND MANUFACTURING SECTOR: Kenya boast of being the industrialized country in East Africa, the manufacturing sector contributes to about 15% of Growth domestic Product, this percentage doesn’t as the manufacturing sector is hampered by high energy costs, shortages of hydro telemetric power, poor infrastructure and counterfeits products i.e. cheap imports. Industrial and manufacturing sector has become increasingly significant to Kenya economy due to increased urbanization. Most industrial plants are located in urbanized towns which has led to the reason Kenya has three cities i.e. Nairobi, Mombasa and Kisumu; they include food-processing industries such as grain milling, beer production, and sugarcane crushing. These plants contribute significantly to national income as well as generate employment. Also the oil refinery which processes imported crude petroleum into petroleum products, mainly for the domestic market. In addition, a substantial and expanding informal sector engages in small-scale manufacturing of household goods, motor-vehicle parts, and farm implements. 5. FINANCIAL SECTOR AND BANKING: Kenya is East and Central Africas hub for financial services. Most of the banking institution and other financial services firms are located in the urban centres as it is considered that urban people have higher income which is not the case, thus innovation and opening of banking sectors should be put in place in rural areas. Such innovations includes mobile banking which where now rural populations have daily access to financial services as most people now own mobile handsets. MPESA is the widely used mobile banking, it is estimated that MPESA has given access financial services to about 75% of the people. Government thus needs to encourage other mobile money transfers such as Tangaza, Yu cash, and Airtel money. In doing so it will create a competitive environment and thus many people will get access to the financial services. The Nairobi Stock Exchange (NSE) ranks fourth in Africa in terms of Market capitalization. Stock markets provide market liquidity that enables implementation of long term projects with long term payoffs thereby promoting a country’s economic growth. Moreover, efficient capital markets not only avail resources to investors, they also facilitate inflow of foreign financial resources into the domestic economy. Government needs to institute reforms in the financial sector as capital market development is an important component of financial sector development and supplements the role of the banking system in economic development. Capital markets assists in price discovery, liquidity provision, reduction in transactions costs, and risk transfer.

Accident Investigation :: Essays Papers

Accident Investigation Aircraft Investigation Each mishap has their own characteristics and there is no substitute for good old-fashioned common sense and initiative. Each wrecked aircraft has it’s own story to tell if properly investigated. However Air Force guidelines are quick to point out that investigators in their eagerness seek out the causes, often ignore safe investigation practices and common safety precautions. Air Force Investigators are maybe in even more difficult position due to the hazards that are unique to the military war fighting machines, I’ll discuss a few of these hazards briefly before I get into the steps of Air Force accident investigations. Munitions Extreme care must be given to the munitions that may have been on board the aircraft. Just because the ammunition appears to be damaged beyond being dangerous the slightest amount of static electricity from clothing may detonate munitions. Before starting an investigation of any kind, obtain the list of munitions aboard and have the explosive ordinance disposal (EOD) team remove or inert them. Again eagerness must be controlled and situational awareness must be exercised to be on the lookout for those munitions that may not have been recovered. Also, though tedious, the locations of all munitions need to be noted, as they will hold clues as well. The ejection seats can also present extreme dangers to untrained and careless investigator. Toxins Hydrazine. It’s a word that strikes fear in all that are familiar with it. New generation aircraft such as the F-16 use hydrazine for emergency power supplies. It looks like a clear oily substance that smells like ammonia. Some of the effects hydrazine can have on the human body include: liver damage, blindness, skin burns, and prolong exposure may be fatal. Only base bioenvironmental engineers are qualified enough to properly handle it. Materials Also somewhat unique but is gradually finding its way into the commercial side of aviation is the use of high composite materials along with exotic metals used in the effort to not only strengthen, but to lighten the overall weight of the airframe. The composites used with most frequency today are boron, graphite and Kevlar. Each of these materials has their own characteristics and must be handled with care. While in its finished form Kevlar is very stable, boron and graphite must be handled with extreme care to avoid breathing in dust created when the structures become damaged. Boron fibers can pierce through skin and stay imbedded indefinitely and cannot be removed easily causing severe infections.

Political Science – Eyes on the Prize Submission

On August 28, 1955, Emmet Til's body was found lying in the river. Two local men were arrested and charged with murder. This was a significant event during the 50's because it was very rare that a black man could press charges on a white person. Mose Wright was the uncle of Emmet Til. He said that the two men came to his door and asked if he had 2 boys from Chicago. They did this because earlier on, Emmet had walked into a store and said â€Å"bye baby† to a white woman. This was considered talking fresh. Emmet didn't know any better because he was from up north. His body was found maliciously beaten and it was barely recognizable. Emmet's mother insisted on the body being shipped back up north for an open casket funeral. The picture of his casket was published in Jet Magazine. Roy Bryandt and the girl's brother-in-law were the one's arrested for committing this horrible crime. During the court case the blacks were forced to sit together and away from everyone else. It took the jury one hour to find these men not guilty. Martin Luther King, jr. was asked to head the boycott and Montgomery Improvement Association. Coretta Scott King, MLK's wife, testifies that he was weary at first of accepting this position because he wasn't sure if he was qualified enough. He was a new minister and a young man. He finally came to the conclusion that if no one else would do it, he would accept the position. While the members of the Montgomery Improvement Association were on a bus ride, shots were fired at them. Martin Luther King, jr. and ED Nixon's houses were both bombed. The Montgomery Improvement Association also headed the bus boycotts. James Meredith was a young black man that applied to a University in Mississippi. Medgar Evars was the head of the Mississippi State NAACP and counseled James Meredith through this troubling time. After a long fight, the court ruled James Meredith must be accepted. (He was of course qualified. ) On September 20th, Governor Barnett personally flew up to the University of Mississippi and turned James away. On September 25th, James tried to register at the Jackson location and again, Governor Barnett was waiting and also blocked the door entrance so Meredith could not even enter. On Saturday the 29th, Ross Barnett had an engagement to attend to. He was the half time speaker at a football game. On Sunday, September 30th, 100 US marshals were sent to help James Meredith register. President Kennedy was to make a speech in the state of Mississippi also. At 8:00 Mississippi University turned into a battlefield and no one even heard the President's speech. The mob targeted the media but the marshals were instructed not to use guns. 35 marshals ended up being shot and 2 people were killed. James Meredith finally registered at a private office in Oxford and contested this; â€Å"I've been living a lonely life for a long time. † Brown v. Board of Education ruled segregated schools were unconstitutional under the 14th amendment. NAACP shut down schools in Alabama due to white violent resistance. Aubrey Lucy was a black female and went to a white college. Riots caused the board to suspend her temporarily. She ended up being expelled. President Eisenhower thought this of the desegregation of schools, â€Å"Too much, too fast. † The desegregation of schools and getting whites to comply with it got so bad that in Little Rock, Arkansas national guards had to be brought in to sustain the peace. Central High School in Arkansas only admitted white students. 8 blacks went to register on the first day, accompanied by their parents. The National Guard turned these students away as their presence would surely cause a riot. Seven of the eight black kids had made arrangements to walk to school together. Elisabeth Eckford had not heard of this arrangement. She walked alone to school and met a mob. She would not speak to the press at all. She sat down on a bench, shocked, amazed and afraid. The first peaceful sit-in occurred in Nashville, Tennessee. One day, black students entered the diner and sit at the counter where they were not allowed. They sat there and did homework, talked, and would not leave until they were served. A recollected memory from one of the black women at the sit-in is that of a white waitress who repeatedly kept dropping dishes. She was so frightened that she just dropped one dish after another. Once black students were tired of sitting, others would come in their place. This went on for 3 weeks. 80 demonstrators were arrested and charged with unorderly protest. After this, the blacks decided to not buy from downtown. After 1 month the boycott closed a lot of stores down town. Blacks who worked down town were struck by random acts of violence. A car struck Z. Alexander Lubee's house. He was a man who defended the protesting students. 147 windows in the medical college across the street were shattered because it was so loud. Freedom rides were bus rides in which interracial passengers sat backwards and drove through the south. For example, the blacks would sit in the front and the whites in the back. They wanted to create a crisis so the government would react and enforce the law. The first freedom ride was on May 1st 1961. 7 whites and 6 blacks were to be the first freedom riders in Washington D. C. The night before the ride they all sat down to have dinner. One freedom rider recalls that it was kind of like â€Å"The Last Supper. † More and more freedom rides continued and on the first occasion, mobs firebombed the bus and blocked the exit. 12 riders were hospitalized and the bus was of course destroyed. Gov. John Patterson of AL said, â€Å"Stay home, fools! † The FBI had information that the busses were going to be attacked but did nothing. Patterson refused to provide protection for these riders. 40 miles away from Montgomery there was no protection for these riders. MLK telephoned Kennedy to tell of the violence. Patterson then said he couldn't guarantee the safety of MLK Jr. George C. Wallace was the governor of Montgomery Alabama in 1963. He was strict, severe, a segregationist, and a racist. He was closely affiliated with Eugene â€Å"Bull† Connor. â€Å"Bull† Connor was a KKK member and the commissioner of public safety in Alabama at the time. Also, during this time the freedom riders were attacked on Mother's day. People looked upon it as these students ruined mothers day and disgraced them or some nonsense like that. SNCC (Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee) and SCLC (Southern Christ Leadership Council) were two student groups that fought for civil rights. These two organizations at one time spawned a rivalry for one another because SNCC supposedly wanted more attention. During the times of these organizations was a movement called The Albany Movement. In conjunction with the Albany Movement 500 people were jailed. Laurie Pritchett was the chief of police in Albany at that time. He made sure that the jails would not fill up from the mass arrests that were being made. He stuffed 65 people in a cell built to hold only 10. Arrested persons were also sent to jails in other towns to make sure there was enough room for all. In July 1962, MLK Jr. as sentenced to 40 days in jail. He was however, released 3 days later. His bond was paid at Pritchett's request. The Albany Movement continued on without MLK Jr. for the time being. MKL Jr. was depressed at the fact that Albany was still segregated. Bull Connor also tried to run for mayor in this time but lost. The SCLC organized â€Å"project c† confrontation. The headquarters would be at 16th street Baptist Church. The goal was for demonstrations to target 3 main stores down town. 21 people were arrested the first day in Birmingham. Also, during this time there were 2 mayors and 2 governments in Alabama. One government would just not leave. This was a major cause of the unorderly conduct in Alabama. Connor remained head of police in Birmingham AL. Demonstrations continued and badly affected businesses. Courts finally ordered the demonstrations to stop. MLK Jr. along with SCLC planed the second phase of project C in room 30 at the Gaston Motel. Children led phase 2. They were kept out of school and told to go and protest/demonstrate. Connor brought in police dogs and turned fire hoses on the kids. Finally, the jails filled up and there was an agreed one-day of truce. Friday May 10, 38 days after project C, The Birmingham agreement was made. After this, police still beat blacks and blacks in turn rioted. The March in Washington had 200,000 people show up. It went from the Washington Monument to the Lincoln Memorial. Some speakers even rewrote their speeches as not to ruin Kennedy's proposal. MLK Jr. gave his â€Å"Let Freedom Ring† speech and was from this point on seen as the true leader of the movement. On September 15th, the 16th street Baptist Church was bombed and temporarily halted the project. 15 were injured and 4 kids were killed. The freedom summer in Mississippi was a basic invasion. It was designed to â€Å"open up† Mississippi. People risked beatings, arrests, and their lives. William J. Simmons of the White Citizen's Council wanted to protect the white way of life. The Citizens Council opposed integration. Ross Barnett, a racist, went so far as to foreclose mortgages and punish whites that went against him. He denied loans and passed white-only laws. Blacks outnumbered whites 4-1 in some counties. 1961 was the last of the freedom rides and the end of Freedom Summer. Medgar Evars traveled to Mississippi to help organize the boycott on Capital Street. Hundreds were arrested for marching in the demonstration. After Kennedy's strongest speech on civil rights in 1963, Medgar Evars was shot in the back in his own driveway after getting out of his car. The wife and kids were inside and as soon as they heard gunshots, hit the floor, as previously rehearsed. His wife came out shortly after to find her husband dead. It was concluded that a member of the White Citizen's Council shot Medgar Evars. There were 3 men, Goodman, Chaney, and Schreoner, which drove to investigate the burning of a black Methodist Church. At around 3 O'clock their blue Ford station wagon stopped outside Philadelphia by the sheriff, Ceasil Price. They were released at 10pm but that was the last anyone saw of them. They disappeared and Johnson issued a search and FBI involvement. Hoover of the FBI said he wouldn't protect people and that it was a matter to be dealt with by local authorities. 6 weeks later the bodies were found and Chaney, the only black man in the group, had a fractured skull. Dave Dennis of CORE blames the people who committed this crime just as much as those in Washington for not supporting or enforcing their laws. Everyone knew the men who committed this crime would be found not guilty because they were white. During this time 80 arrests were made and thousands of arrests were made. After this, President Lyndon B. Johnson signed the 1964 Civil Rights Act. SNCC opened 41 freedom schools in Mississippi. Whites were now teaching blacks and living in black homes. Civil rights workers invaded the state. As soon as the Voting Rights Act of 1965 was signed blacks lined up to register to vote. They were told to move to the sidewalk. Less than 1% of blacks were able to register to vote. Sheriff Jim Clark arrested Amelia Bointon, a highly respected community leader during this time. This caused 105 teachers to protest down at the courthouse (Teacher's March). This occurred in Selma, AL. Clark was confronted in the courthouse about his brutality towards blacks. He said he didn't know what they were talking about. The Selma to Montgomery march was a response to Jimmy Lee Jackson's death. A state trooper shot Jimmy because he wanted to protect his mother. Marchers were beaten. One white that marched with the blacks was badly injured. He was told there were no doctors for â€Å"people like him†. SCLC opposed the march but 600 people gathered to march anyway. The marchers crossed over the Edmund Pettus Bridge and there were state troopers waiting for them on the other side. The marchers were ordered by Wallace to stop or brutality and tear gas would be enforced. MLK Jr. asked if they could sit down and pray, which they did. He then ordered the marchers to get up and turn around to avoid the fight. SNCC called this turn around a sell-out. Stokly Carmichael of SNCC withdrew from the Selma Campaign.

For What Reason Is the Problem of Evil a Problem for Religious Believers? Essay

a)For what reason is the Problem of Evil a problem for religious believers? (9) Probably the most powerful reason against the existence of The Classical God of Theism (hereafter referred to as God) is evil and suffering in the world. The problem of evil is an ‘a posterori’ argument, established from experience based on empirical senses. It is also synthetic as evil and suffering can be seen around us daily. There are a number of possible reasons for the problem of evil and why it causes a problem for religious believers, making it an inductive argument also. In his book Philosophy of Religion John Hick defined evil and suffering as â€Å"physical pain, mental suffering and moral wickedness† â€Å"The Rock of Theism† is what David Hume called the Problem of Evil as it is a strong argument for atheists to use against the existence of God and such a hard one for theists to address. The challenge of evil is the ultimate challenge to believe in God as it can’t be solved. The problem of evil causes problems for religious believers as it presents four problems, a theological problem as it challenges the nature of God, a philosophical problem as the believer has to accept conflicting claims, a diverse problem as evil comes in different forms with each requiring its own explanation and finally a challenging problem as the existence of evil and suffering is real and happening every day. As there is more than one type of evil that also causes problems for religious believers as God didn’t just create one evil but multiple ones. Moral evil is â€Å"all evil caused deliberately by humans doing what they ought not to do† (Richard Swinburne) e.g. murder, terrorism, war whereas natural evil is â€Å"the evil that originates independently of human actions† (John Hick) e.g. volcanoes, famine, disease. Leibniz coined the term ‘metaphysical evil’, which is tracing back the evil (moral and natural) to their ultimate cause. Monists c laim that the universe is a single harmonious unity that is good and so evil is a mere illusion in our minds, â€Å"evil is not something God has created it is simply the absence of good†. The problem with this is that it seems to contradict our own experience of the world where there is obviously evil and suffering. Another problem for religious believers is that for atheists the problem of evil is convincing evidence against Gods existence as they claim that a loving God wouldn’t have created a universe so full of evil and suffering. â€Å"I cannot imagine any omnipotent sentient being sufficiently cruel to create the world we inhabit† (Iris Murdoch.) There are many problems religious believers face to do with evil and suffering. If God created the world ex-nihilo (out of nothing) then he is totally responsible for it. If He was all powerful then He would have to power to stop evil and suffering, but it still exists and if He was all loving then He would want to stop it, but evil and suffering affects everyone. As evil and suffering exists, either God isn’t all powerful and all loving or He doesn’t exist. In 1955 J.L. Mackie proposed the Inconsistent Triad. He furthered the work of Epicurus and Hume and constructed the inconsistent triad. Epicurus first proposed the dilemma as a riddle and Hume furthered his theory and concluded that â€Å"the Omni qualities of God and evil cannot exist simultaneously but as evil does exist, then the Classical God of Theism cannot†. Through the triad Mackie said â€Å"the conjunction of any two entails the negation of the third†, so logically the triad doesn’t hold up. The theist must recognise what Basil Mitchell describes as â€Å"the full force of the problem†, if one angle can be removed the problem is solved, but while 3 angles remain there exists a logical inconsistency that must be resolved.

Free Essays on Paraphilias

Paraphilias is a set of disorders which include intense sexual urges or arousing fantasies that involve inanimate objets, sexual behaviors with non-human objects, and humiliation or suffering of one’s self or another person. Sexual behaviors could also involve children or a non-consenting adult. While paraphilias is rare, it is far more common among men(about 20 to 1 males to females), however, the reason for this imbalance is not clearly understood. While few of these disorders are related to aggressive behavior, not all of them are harmful or aggressive. Some paraphilias - such as exhibitionism, pedophilia and voyeurism are criminal offences. In the following paragraphs, I will be explaining each of the most common paraphilias, as well as the cause and the treatment. Also, I will be explaining how they are involved in the field of policing. Exhibitionism (commonly male) may consist of masturbating while exposing himself, or possibly while fantasizing about exposing himself. The exhibitionist may be familiar with his need to terrorize, startle, or impress the reluctant bystander. The victim is generally in all cases, a child or a female adult. The outbreak of this disorder is usually in the mid 20's, but occasionally, the first acts will most often take place during adolescence and then carry on into adulthood. It is believed that 30% of the arrested male sex offenders are exhibitionist. About 20 to 50% of all sex offenders are rearrested, which leave them with the highest recidivism rate of all sex offenders. Exhibitionist are usually married, but the marriage is most often tormented by a poor sexual adjustment (constant sexual dysfunction), and poor social adjustments. Sexual abuse and significant childhood encounters may be the cause of exhibitionistic behavior. The treatment involves psychotherapy which is focused on determining and also working though the cause of the behavior. At times, prescribed medic... Free Essays on Paraphilias Free Essays on Paraphilias Paraphilias is a set of disorders which include intense sexual urges or arousing fantasies that involve inanimate objets, sexual behaviors with non-human objects, and humiliation or suffering of one’s self or another person. Sexual behaviors could also involve children or a non-consenting adult. While paraphilias is rare, it is far more common among men(about 20 to 1 males to females), however, the reason for this imbalance is not clearly understood. While few of these disorders are related to aggressive behavior, not all of them are harmful or aggressive. Some paraphilias - such as exhibitionism, pedophilia and voyeurism are criminal offences. In the following paragraphs, I will be explaining each of the most common paraphilias, as well as the cause and the treatment. Also, I will be explaining how they are involved in the field of policing. Exhibitionism (commonly male) may consist of masturbating while exposing himself, or possibly while fantasizing about exposing himself. The exhibitionist may be familiar with his need to terrorize, startle, or impress the reluctant bystander. The victim is generally in all cases, a child or a female adult. The outbreak of this disorder is usually in the mid 20's, but occasionally, the first acts will most often take place during adolescence and then carry on into adulthood. It is believed that 30% of the arrested male sex offenders are exhibitionist. About 20 to 50% of all sex offenders are rearrested, which leave them with the highest recidivism rate of all sex offenders. Exhibitionist are usually married, but the marriage is most often tormented by a poor sexual adjustment (constant sexual dysfunction), and poor social adjustments. Sexual abuse and significant childhood encounters may be the cause of exhibitionistic behavior. The treatment involves psychotherapy which is focused on determining and also working though the cause of the behavior. At times, prescribed medic...

12 Things You Should Never Say To Your Boss

12 Things You Should Never Say To Your Boss Honesty is always a good thing, but sometimes- particularly when it comes to talking to your boss- it might not be the best policy. Thinking before you speak is always advised. Profanity and insults are to be avoided at all costs. We know you’re a grownup, but it must be said- you’ll need to be on your best behavior at all times. Here is a list of phrases you should take care never to voice out loud when speaking to your boss. Eliminate these from your vocabulary.1. â€Å"I’m doing the work of three people†Even if this is true, say if your boss fired someone and your workload increased to pick up the slack, this is never wise to say outright. Instead try asking your boss to sit down with you and help prioritize your task list. Once she sees what you’re actually juggling, she’ll realize the work you’re doing is too much.2. â€Å"I don’t have time.†This may be true, but again, there are subtler ways to show your boss that y ou’re drowning in excessive work.3. â€Å"I don’t know how.†/â€Å"I can’t.†If you’re asked to do something, the worst thing to say is â€Å"I don’t know how to do that†- or even worse: â€Å"I can’t.† Your first move should be to figure out if you can figure it out. Within reason, of course. Show your problem solving skills and attempt to solve it on your own. If you need help, ask a colleague or mentor for guidance first. And never just say you can’t because you don’t feel like it.4. â€Å"That’s not my job.†Dismissing a task as outside of your job description or somehow not in your â€Å"area† is a great way to get a negative performance review and a bad reference down the line. Be willing to pitch in and humbly do what needs to be done, regardless of the pay grade.5. â€Å"I don’t know.†If your boss asks you a question, it’s fine to not immediately know t he answer. It’s not fine to say that outright. Never shrug your shoulders and walk away when you could say â€Å"I’m not certain about that, but I’ll look into it for you right away.†6. â€Å"I’ll try.†As Yoda said, â€Å"Do or do not. There is no try.† Get it done. Saying you’ll â€Å"try†- even if you mean it- just makes it sound like you won’t really put your back into it.7. â€Å"Ooh, did you hear about Steve’s weekend fling?†Keep other people’s personal lives to yourself as well. If you must gossip, do it with your out of work friends.8. â€Å"I’m sorry, but†¦Ã¢â‚¬ The â€Å"but† is the real problem here. If you’re genuinely sorry, apologize for what you’re sorry about. No excuses or rationalizations.9. â€Å"I just assumed that†¦Ã¢â‚¬ Ã¢â‚¬Å"Assume† means to make an ass of ‘u† and ‘me.’ Don’t assume. If you h ave any doubts or questions at the outset of a task or project, speak up then. Don’t make assumptions that can cost you and your team (and your boss) valuable time and resources.10. â€Å"At my last job†¦Ã¢â‚¬ Sure, maybe your procedures were more streamlined and your boss was better, but this information is only going to get you in trouble with your current boss.11. â€Å"I need a raise.†While it’s fine to ask for more money at the appropriate time, saying you need one- particularly because you just had a baby or bought a house- is a recipe for not getting one. Play your review process a bit smarter than that. You deserve a raise because you’ve earned it. You’ve shown your value. Never just because you’re broke.12. â€Å"No.†This is a no brainer. There’s always a better way to phrase this. If you ever need to say it, find a better way.

Unionization in South Korea and Feminization of Labor in Indonesia Essay

Unionization in South Korea and Feminization of Labor in Indonesia During the Process of Capitalist Development - Essay Example This essay stresses that caraway argues the export oriented industrialization in Indonesia resulted in the feminization of labor in the country with female employees being used in labor intensive industries. Capitalist development in Indonesia resulted in the production of industries whose aim was to reduce costs of production while maintaining higher profit margins. Caraway perceives feminization of labor in Indonesia as being the result of popular perception that female employees were â€Å"patient, disciplined, and diligent†. This paper makes a conclusion that the class struggles due to buildup of tension between workers and the owners of factors of production are evident in the situation happening in South Korea. The continued frustration of workers through measure that limit their participation in negotiation for improved working conditions has historically been a ground for tension between the workers and corporations which are supported by the government. Just as Marx envisioned, the exploitation of workers provides a ground for revolution to remove the ruling class that supports exploitation of workers by the corporation. The KCTU in South Korea has been able to challenge the dominance of state favored FKTU over the years. Coming from a period when independent labor union had been banned, KCTU has achieved a lot in the country’s labor relations as it has gain the legal status to represents it members.

SLP 5 MGT - 411 MANAGING WORKPLACE SAFETY AND HEALTH Essay

SLP 5 MGT - 411 MANAGING WORKPLACE SAFETY AND HEALTH - Essay Example Accidents can occur when complexity emerge in technology leading in breakdown in the whole system. Others occur as a result of disruptions, in such situations people have the tendency of regarding the blame to be a technological disaster since technology is subject to human manipulation. All these may result to fall down of the organization. Crisis may also arise from the decision of the management in an organization. Sometimes management takes actions that it knows will harm or place stakeholders at risk for harm without adequate precautions (Fink, 1986). These occur when managers favor other stakeholders who may lead them to short term gain while neglecting other investors. This lopsided value state is rooted in businesses that mainly focus on the interests of stockholders while disregarding the interest of other stakeholders who include the employees, customers and the community as a whole. Due to increase population, climate change, and environmental degradation, there has been a global increase in natural disasters. Phenomena such as; earthquakes, tsunamis, floods and volcanic eruptions threatens property and life itself. Such occurrences lead to breakdown of organizations (Fink, 1986). For example the tsunami that occurred in Japanese led to a certain shut down of factories that had been supplying automotive parts to Japanese automakers, among them a large customer of Ryder who was forced to cut the production of vehicles due to shortage parts. Confrontation crisis occur when discontented individuals fight a businesses, government, and various interest groups so as to win acceptance of their demands and expectations. The most common type of confrontation crisis is boycotts, and other kinds are picketing. In battle crisis faced by an organization, stakes are high since different groups challenge each other. Such situations occur when a labor union goes on strike for example activists may picket in front of a